Multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) is increasingly used in spatial biology to profile protein expression within the tumor microenvironment and to characterize immune cell populations in situ. Unlike conventional single-marker immunohistochemistry (IHC), mIF enables concurrent visualization of multiple biomarkers on a single formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue section, allowing for comprehensive assessment of cellular phenotypes, spatial interactions, and architectural organization. This capability supports deeper investigation of tumor-immune dynamics and offers value in predicting response to immunotherapy.
